Interactive map of the best practices

on the use of water, land and energy resources,
as well as the environment of Central Asia

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Comparison of practices

Selected practice: Application of furrow-based counter irrigation

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Improving water use planning technology based on CROPWAT 8.0 Software

Actions: Analysis of existing methods of water resources use planning in dekhan farms of the Gissar Valley; Designing a water use planning technique with the account of irrigation patterns in dekhan farms. Results: Financial and economic: effective use of irrigation water; reduced water consumption per harvest unit. Ecological: improved ecological and reclamation condition of irrigated land. Technical: executed decade hydro-modules based on precipitation availability allowing dekhan farms to plan their water consumption and draw up crop irrigation schedules depending on expected weather conditions in the Gissar Valley as well as to coordinate other technological and weather-dependent processes associated with crops cultivation. Social: prevention of conflicts, controversies and misunderstanding among water users related to irrigation water distribution.
Таджикистан, Районы республиканского подчинения, Шахринавский

Establishment of the Khoja-Bakirgan Main Canal Water User Union (KBMC-WUU)

The KBMC-WUU is an association of legal entities in the form of Union – a voluntary independent non-profit public organization uniting legal entities (i.e. WUAs) based on common interests with the aim of coordinating actions and protecting shared interests and rights.  KBMC-WUU operates as per the Charter approved at the general meeting of water user representatives, has its own stamp and bank account. Actions: The creation of KBMC-WUU began with the establishment of the Initiative Group (IG).  The IG consisted of active water specialists, representatives of water users and other stakeholders who saw the need to transit to IWRM.  Further on, the IG carried out social mobilization, drafted necessary documents (the Union’s Charter, etc.), organized the general meeting of water users that approved the Charter and established the Union’s Council (Board).  After that, KBMC-WUU underwent legal registration and officially launched its work. Results: KBMC-WUU established and legally registered; KBMC-WUU contributed to the following: - enhanced stability and uniformity of water supply to WUAs via state WMO;- better collection of water supply service fees paid by WUAs to state WMO. Representing the interests of water users as a member of the RMC Water Committee, KBMC-WUU also contributed to decreasing conflicts between WUAs and WMO.
Таджикистан, Согдийская, Бободжон-Гафуровский

Collecting surface drain and saving water for the development of vegetable and fruit gardening to prevent pasture degradation

Actions: A series of small dams were built on the cleared slopes to increase soil infiltration by rain water (short-term solution). The dams built in gorges hold the water streams forming during heavy rain, thus, increasing soil moisture content which promotes vegetation restoration; A drip irrigation experiment (10 hectares of orchards) executed; further expansion up to 30 hectares is planned along with the reduction of livestock population; Planting out (transplanting) of juniper to enhance soil fixing and water retention; In Nokhur area, the initiative to develop vegetable and fruit farming supported to prevent pasture degradation, and necessary hydrogeological research conducted; In Kara Kum area, 8 new wells built and 6 existing wells repaired. Mechanical protection (reed mats and Saxaul saplings) set up on the territory of 27 hectares.  Results: 17 dams of various size to prevent soil erosion built; fruit-trees planted on the area of 10 hectares; saplings of Turkmen juniper (“archa”) planted on the territory of 42 hectares to of restore juniper woods.
Туркменистан, Ахалская

Set of hydro-reclamation measures

Actions: A series of measures were executed to prevent land degradation and improve land reclamation condition, including introduction of high-performance drainage systems and reclamation technologies, construction of a new collector and cleaning of the existing one, construction of 9 water-regulating and 2 water-measuring facilities. Results: 50 hectares of degraded land rehabilitated and can be used for agricultural purposes. About 35 ha of land saved from degradation thanks to preventive land forming; regular seminars held for land users on potential ways of applying various advanced methods of maintaining rural economy and effective use of water resources; about 60 measuring stations installed to monitor the level and mineralization of ground water.
Туркменистан, Марыйская, Сакарчагинский

Use of the wide-span Valley Sprinkling Machine in Sh. Batyrov Daikhan Association for wheat watering

The sprinkler is produced by the US Valley Company established in 1946 and considered one of the world leading designers and manufacturers of water-efficient irrigation and water supply equipment for agriculture, industry and municipal purposes. Actions: The first case of using such a large-scale sprinkling irrigation machine in Turkmenistan’s agriculture.  The machine’s operation does not require careful field planning.  The machine’s scale (extension up to 1,000 meters) allows it to irrigate up to 300 hectares of land. Frontal installation with reinforced irrigating shoulder bars moves back and forth across the field and ensures uniform watering of the whole acreage. The government provides a 10-year soft loan with 1% annual interest rate to procure such units. Results: Application of water sprinklers allows the two-fold saving of water resources and higher yields. Due to its overall high quality and advantages, Turkmenistan’s agricultural producers became interested in the technology – multiple orders were placed to procure and install such smart sprinkling machines.
Туркменистан, Ахалская, Бахарлынский

Using GIS-technologies and remote-sensing tools to assess the reclamation condition of irrigated land

Before the introduction of GIS-technologies, REs performed all operations – including production of maps, identification of areas suffering from land salination, level of ground water mineralization, etc.   Actions: Enhancing the technical capacity of REs: provision of necessary equipment and tools, licensed GIS software, GPS devices, equipment for chemical analysis, etc. Enhancing personnel capacities: Trainings and consultations of the personnel of Basin Irrigation Water Administrations (BIWAs) and REs abroad and in Uzbekistan; Consultations by foreign and local GIS experts; Development and distribution of training materials.  Results:  Financial and economic: Reduction of the number of drafting technicians, saving on stationery, etc. Technical: Increased productivity and quality of works by RE office personnel.
Узбекистан, Ферганская
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